Treaty of Hudaibiyah

 

TREATY OF HUDABIYAH

          In the six year of Hijrah, Hazrat Muhammad SAW left for Makkah along with, 1400 companions to perform Umrah. The Ahram clothes and the animals for sacrifice shows that this caravan of 1400 Muslims had no intention to wage war and that they just wanted to exercise their right in a peaceful manner. The Quresh mobilized a group of warriors. When the Islamic caravan reached at Asfan, Hazrat Muhammad SAW came to know that a group of warriors was at a place between the Muslims and Makkah to prevent the Muslims to enter Makkah. The Muslims in the company of Hazrat Muhammad SAW by passed the enemy and reached the ground of Hudaibiyah and set up their camp near a well of water. Hudaibiyah is few kilometers from Makkah in the direction Jeddah. Hazrat Muhammad SAW send Usman as emissary to Quresh so that he could prevail upon them that the purpose of the Muslims visit to Makkah was not to wage war but to perform Umrah. Usman’s return to the Muslims was delayed and a rumour spread that he was killed by the Quresh of Makkah. Hazrat Muhammad SAW took an oath from the companions that they would sacrifice their lives to avenge the blood of Usman. This oath is known as “Bayat-al-Rizwan”.
          The Quresh were disturbed when they heard of this and then sent Sohail bin Amr as their emissary to negotiate a treaty of peace with Hazrat Muhammad SAW. It is called the Treaty of “Hudaibiyah”. Following were the conditions of agreement.

1.     1.           The Muslims would go back to Madina without performing Umrah this year.

2.     2.          Next year, they would perform Umrah and leave Makkah after three days saty.

3.     3.          The Muslims should not come equipped with weapons. They should bring swords only and, the swords should be in the cases and the cases in the bags.

4.     4.          They would not take along with them any Muslim resident of Makkah to Madina nor forbid, any Muslim from taking up his residence in Makkah if he so wished.

5.      5.         Any one going to Madina whether from among the Idolaters or Muslim going to Makkah, would not be returned. However, any Muslim going to Makkah would not be returned.

6.      6.         The tribes of Arabia would be authorized to enter into an agreement with any of the parties of they so wished.

7.      7.         This agreement would hold good for ten years.

                        Hazrat Ali (RA) wrote this agreement. Apparently conditions of the agreement were against the Muslims but later the agreement proved faithful for the Muslims.