History Of Sindh (Part 02)

HISTORY OF SINDH

 

HISTORY OF SINDH

PART 2
Early History

The earliest authentic history of Sindh dates from the time when Alexander the great abandoned his scheme of conquest towards the Ganges, alarmed at the discontent of his soldiers. He embarked a a portion of the Army in boats, floated that download a Jhelum and The Chenab, and marched the remainder on the banks of the river till he came to the Indus. there he constructed a fleet, which sailed along the coast towards the Persian Gulf with part of his forces, under the command of Nearchus and Ptolemy, whilst Alexander himself marched through Southern Baluchistan and Persia to Seistan or Susa. At the time Sindh was in the possession of the Hindus, the last of whose Rulers was Raja Suhasi, whose race, as it reported by native historians, governed the kingdom for over two thousand years. The Persian monarch where monarchs were probably alluded, to for in the sixth century BC Sindh was invaded by them, they defeated and slew the monarch in a pitched battle and plundered the province and they left. Eight years after his accession to the Persian throne, Darius I, son of Hystaspes extended his authority as for as the Indus. This was about 513 BC.

The Arab conquest of Sindh by Muhammad Bin Qasim in 712 ADS gave the Muslims a firm foothold on the sub-continent. The description of Heun Tsang, a Chinese historian, leaves no doubt that the social and economic restrictions inherent in the caste differentiations of Hindu society had however, gradually sapped the inner vitality of the social system and Sindh fell without much resistance before the Muslims armies. According to Al-Idrissi, the famous city of Al- Mansura was founded during the reign of Mansur (754-777 AD)